Cornelius Clarkson Watts began his career in law following the Civil War, studying at the University of Virginia. He established his legal practice in West Virginia, where he was elected prosecuting attorney for Wyoming County. Watts later served as Attorney General for West Virginia, during which he produced comprehensive Supreme Court reports and argued significant tax cases before the U.S. Supreme Court. He transitioned to federal service as U.S. Attorney for the District of West Virginia, though his tenure ended with his resignation amidst political changes. Watts also held state Senate positions and ran for Governor of West Virginia.

Cornelius Clarkson Watts's political identity is marked by a blend of regional advocacy and legal rigor. His successful argument for West Virginia's right to tax railroads, including the influential Chesapeake & Ohio Railway, showcases a strategic alignment of state interests with broader economic policies. Watts's vigorous prosecution of election fraud cases post-1888, culminating in his resignation as U.S. Attorney, reveals an unwavering commitment to electoral integrity. His tenure as Attorney General further highlights his dedication to legal documentation, as evidenced by the nine volumes of Supreme Court reports he produced. These actions suggest a politician who balances regional economic advocacy with a steadfast defense of legal principles.