William Woods Holden began his career in journalism, apprenticing under a local newspaper editor and progressing to writing for various publications. He transitioned to law, gaining a license to practice in county courts. Holden became a newspaper owner and editor, aligning with the Democratic Party. He entered politics, serving in the North Carolina House of Commons and later opposing secession while advocating for the Union. Despite his controversial stances, Holden played a significant role in state politics, including organizing the North Carolina Republican Party and running for governor.

William Woods Holden's political career is marked by a complex blend of evolving ideological stances and strategic maneuvering. Initially an advocate for slavery expansion in the 1850s, he later supported the Union and opposed secession, showcasing a significant ideological shift. His creation of the Conservative Party and advocacy for peace during the Civil War reveal a calculated approach to leveraging regional interests. Holden's governance efforts, from his term in the North Carolina House to his governorship, highlight a persistent focus on common people's economic welfare, albeit through often ambitious and controversial policies.