Simcha Felder holds a bachelor's degree in accounting and a master's in business administration. He began his career as a tax auditor for New York City and later served as chief of staff for a Democratic Assemblymember. Felder spent nearly a decade in public service, first as a New York City Councilmember and later as a State Senator, where he gained recognition for his advocacy on behalf of conservative Jewish constituents and his support for Israel. Felder's professional expertise includes legislative roles and public finance, transitioning from municipal to state government.

Simcha Felder's political identity is marked by a distinctive blend of ideological agility and localized advocacy. Despite being elected as a Democrat, Felder has consistently caucused with Republicans, reflecting a highly calculated approach to balancing his conservative Jewish constituency's interests with broader legislative strategies. His support for city funding for religious schools while opposing religious displays in public schools showcases a nuanced stance on education policy. Felder's opposition to the $15-per-hour minimum wage and the New York Dream Act, alongside his advocacy for yeshivas, reveals a calculated approach to economic and immigration issues that prioritizes specific community interests.