Julie Frye-Mueller has established a career in state politics, beginning with her tenure in the South Dakota House of Representatives. Frye-Mueller transitioned to the South Dakota Senate, where she has been a vocal advocate for specific policy positions, including opposition to most school vaccination requirements and support for allowing courthouse employees to carry firearms. She has also been involved in resource policy, notably sponsoring a bill related to lithium mining. Frye-Mueller's political career has been marked by significant controversies, including a narrow primary win and subsequent censure by the Senate.

Julie Frye-Mueller's political identity is marked by her ideological rigidity and polarizing stances. She aligns with far-right Republicans while advocating for the abolition of most childhood vaccination requirements and permitting courthouse employees to carry guns. Frye-Mueller's legislative record reveals a calculated approach to regional interests, as seen in her support for a severance tax on lithium mining. Her behavior, including a narrow primary win and subsequent censure for harassment, underscores a confrontational style that invites scrutiny.